How to read ... in english

( _ ) underscore/understrike
( @ ) at
( - ) dash
( ! ) exclamation point
( $ ) dollar sign
( # ) number sign
( , ) comma
( ^ ) caret
( | ) vertical or pipe
( \ ) backslask
( / ) slash or solidus or stroke
( " ) quotation mark
( * ) asterick
( ' ) apostrophe
( ~ ) tilde
( ... ) ellipsis

How to Read Numbers in English

107 One/a hundred and seven
170 One/a hundred and seventy
1007 One/a thousand (and) seven
1070 One/a thousand (and) seventy
1700 One thousand seven hundred or seventeen hundred
1701 One thousand seven hundred and one or seventeen-one or seventeen oh one
17587 seventeen thousand five hundred and eighty-seven
1.275 one point two seven five

How to Read Years in English

Today one of my students asked how to pronounce 1906. Was it “nineteen six” or “nineteen oh
six”? He recognized the pattern that in English we tend to read four-digit years as a pair of 2-
digit numbers. “Nineteen six” didn’t sit right with him though. This is probably because when he
learned to tell time in English, he learned that 2:03 is “two oh three”, not “two three”. So he
asked about the years.

Of course, I answered that the latter was correct. You need to add the “o” sound when the tens’
digit is a zero. He followed up, “So 804 is eight oh four, right?”
“Well, you can say that, but ‘eight hundred and four’ is also correct.”
“Can you say ‘nineteen hundred and six’?”

As the conversation went on, I began to realize that the way we read years is a little complicated.
Being a native speaker of English, it comes natural to me so I’ve never thought about it. But for
foreign learners it can be confusing and ambiguous. After my conversation with him I thought
about it a little to see if I could find a pattern, and here is what I came up with:
Algorithm for Reading Years

1. If there, there are no thousands’ or hundreds’ digits, read the number as-is.
Examples:
o 54 - “fifty-four”
o 99 - “ninety-nine”
o 0 - “zero”
o 8 - “eight”
2. If there is a thousands’ digit but the hundreds’ digit is zero, you can read the
number as “n thousand and x”. If the last two digits are zero, you leave off
the “and x” part. Examples:
o 1054 - “one thousand and fifty-four”
o 2007 - “two thousand and seven”
o 1000 - “one thousand”
o 2000 - “two thousand”
3. If the hundreds’ digit is non-zero, you can read the number as “n hundred
and x”. If the last two digits are zero, you leave off the “and x” part.
Examples:
o 433 - “four hundred and thirty-three”
o 1492 - “Fourteen hundred and ninety-two” (who sailed the ocean
blue?)
o 1200 - “twelve hundred”
o 600 - “six hundred”
4. The above rule produces some formal and old-fashioned names. Where it
exists, it is acceptable to omit “hundred and”. If you do, and the tens’ digit is
zero, you must read that zero as “oh”. Examples:
o 432 - “four thirty-two”
o 1492 - “fourteen ninety-two”
o 1908 - “nineteen oh eight”
o 1106 - “eleven oh six”
5. Finally, though uncommon it is possible to read the years in rule #2 using the
systems for rules #3 and #4. Examples:
o 1054 - “ten hundred and fifty-four” (if this sounds wrong to you,
imagine you are watching a documentary on the history channel and
the stiff narrator begins: “In the year ten hundred and fifty-four, Pope
Leo IX died.”)
o 1054 - “ten fifty-four”
o 3026 - “thirty twenty-six”
o 2007 - “twenty oh seven” (if this sounds wrong to you, imagine you
live in 1972 and you are reading a science fiction story that starts: “In
the year twenty oh seven, the world was overrun by blood-thirsty
robots.”)

By writing it out I don’t think I made it any less-complicated, but for what it’s worth there it is.
Does this algorithm work for you? I think I covered all the bases, but let me know in the
comments if I missed something.